Achieving a rural housing design Pattern (Case study: Tazareh village of Damghan)

Rural architecture of Iran in terms of functional nature and response to human needs, forms a homogeneous complex with a special physical identity whose identity derives from the concept of living and living in the village. With the advent of technology in rural life and changes in social and economic structure, the pattern of rural housing architecture has changed and evolved and today most rural houses are not adapted to the climatic conditions, biological and rural lifestyle. Meanwhile, the indigenous and original rural architecture has sustainable values ​​that can be identified and analyzed, as a suitable model in the design of modern housing in the village. Therefore, the main purpose of this study is to achieve a rural housing design model. This research is applied in terms of purpose and descriptive-analytical in terms of method. For this purpose, after studying the library resources in the field of rural housing, first the effective factors in the formation of rural housing have been identified and then by field studies, in a case study of Tazreh village in Damghan. The results show that in Tazareh village, economic factors and the type of family livelihood are effective in the area and number of micro-spaces of the mass, yard and entrance and the existence of long living space has provided the possibility of flexibility of rural housing over time. Social and cultural factors also affect the form of the facade, the entrance hierarchy, the location of the mass in relation to the yard and the number of households living in a house. Environmental factors governing the village of Tazreh have also been influential in the direction of the mass, the formation of the mass of the mass and the yard, the number and width of openings, the number of floors, the zoning of spaces and the type of materials. In the following, five models of housing index of Tazreh village are introduced and then the physical-functional characteristics in the micro-spaces and architectural components of these models are analyzed. Finally, by analyzing the patterns of the old architectural index of Tazreh village, the model extraction is presented in the form of a physical-functional framework that is due to the climatic environment of the village and the social and economic system of the villagers and can be used to design contemporary housing.